Buses play a critical role in Maryland’s transportation infrastructure, moving thousands of people daily across cities, counties, and even state lines. From school buses to sightseeing coaches, each type of bus is governed by specific laws and safety regulations. When accidents happen, the legal implications can be complex and overwhelming.
At The Bishop Law Group, our Baltimore bus accident lawyers provide experienced legal representation for individuals injured in bus accidents and offer guidance to operators navigating Maryland’s transportation laws. Whether you’re a passenger, driver, or business owner, our Baltimore personal injury lawyers are here to protect your rights and help you understand the legal landscape surrounding bus operations.
Types of Buses and Their Legal Requirements in Maryland
Maryland law recognizes several distinct types of buses, each with its own set of rules for registration, inspection, and operation. Understanding these categories is essential for compliance and liability assessment.
1. Single-Decker Buses
Used for short-distance travel and private services, these buses must be registered with the Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA) and undergo regular safety inspections.
2. Double-Decker Buses
Often used for tours and long-distance travel, these buses must comply with height and weight restrictions and be approved by the Maryland Public Service Commission (PSC) for commercial use.
3. Articulated and Bi-Articulated Buses
These extended buses, connected by flexible joints, require special safety standards due to their length and maneuverability. Bi-articulated buses, though rare in Maryland, must meet even stricter regulations.
4. Passenger-Carrying Trailers
These trailers, pulled by another vehicle, must be registered and inspected. Their use is limited to approved areas to ensure passenger safety.
5. Rigid Buses
Rigid buses are single-unit vehicles used for short and medium-distance routes. They must meet all MVA safety standards.
6. Bus Trailers
These buses tow additional trailers for passengers or luggage. They must comply with Maryland’s towing laws and inspection requirements.
7. Midibuses
Smaller than full-size buses but larger than vans, midibuses are used for shuttle services and small group travel. Depending on size and capacity, drivers may need a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL).
8. Coaches and Motorcoaches
Designed for long-distance travel, these buses often include amenities like restrooms and air conditioning. They must meet both federal and state safety and insurance standards.
9. School Buses
School buses are subject to strict regulations under COMAR 11.19. Drivers must pass background checks and complete safety training. Maryland law requires motorists to stop when school buses display flashing lights and stop arms.
10. Transportation Authority Buses
Operated by the Maryland Transportation Authority, these buses serve major routes and must comply with public transit laws. Certified professionals must perform maintenance.
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Bus Accident Statistics in Maryland and Nationwide
Understanding the scope of bus-related incidents helps highlight the importance of safety and legal accountability.
Maryland Bus Registration (2024 Data)
- Total buses registered: ~50,000
- Buses represent 1% of all registered vehicles in Maryland
- Total vehicle registrations: 5 million
- Baltimore Metro accounts for 1.2 million vehicles (24% of the state total)
Maryland Bus Accident Data (2024–2025)
The Maryland police department’s Maryland Crash Data 2024-Present reports:
- Total bus accidents: 70
- Fatal accidents: 2
- Injury-related accidents: 48
- Total fatalities: 4
U.S. Bus Accident Statistics (2024)
- Total bus accidents: 13,452
- Injury-related: 6,860 (≈51%)
- Fatal accidents: 171 (≈1.3%)
- Total fatalities: 203
- 16% of fatalities were bus occupants
School Bus Fatality Insights (2022)
- Total fatalities: 104
- 7.7% were school bus passengers
- 73.1% were occupants of other vehicles
- 12.5% were pedestrians
- Remaining: bikers (1.9%) and school bus drivers (3.8%)
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Common Injuries in Bus Accidents
Bus accidents can cause serious injuries due to the size and design of the vehicle. Passengers may be thrown against hard surfaces or injured while boarding or exiting.
Frequent Injuries Include:
- Neck and back injuries
- Broken bones, sprains, and fractures
- Head trauma and concussions
- Burns from electrical or mechanical failures
- Spinal cord injuries
These injuries often require long-term medical care and rehabilitation, and can result in permanent disability. Victims may face lost wages, emotional trauma, and significant financial burdens.
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Determining Liability in Bus Accidents
Liability in bus accidents is often complex and requires a thorough investigation. At The Bishop Law Group, our bus accident lawyers in Baltimore examine multiple factors to determine who is legally responsible.
1. Cause of the Accident
- Negligent bus driver
- Another motorist
- Defective road conditions or traffic signals
- Mechanical failure
- Falling cargo from another vehicle
- Manufacturer defects
2. Ownership and Control
Buses may be owned, leased, or operated by different entities. Determining who controls the bus at the time of the accident is crucial for assigning liability.
3. Bus Usage
Different laws apply depending on the bus’s purpose:
- School buses follow strict state regulations
- Tour buses may be governed by commercial transport laws
- Assisted living facility buses may have special requirements
- Interstate motorcoaches must comply with federal standards
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Federal Requirements for Interstate Motorcoach Drivers
Drivers operating buses across state lines must meet federal criteria, including:
- English proficiency for communication and reading road signs
- Minimum age of 21
- Valid CDL with passenger endorsement
- Medical certification
- Adequate training and experience
Failure to meet these standards can result in liability for the driver and the operating company.
Maryland Bus Safety Regulations
All buses must undergo regular inspections to ensure:
- Functional brakes and lights
- Emergency exits
- Structural integrity
Insurance Requirements
Buses must carry insurance that meets Maryland’s minimum coverage standards. This protects passengers and others in the event of an accident.
Registration and Emissions
Buses must be registered with the MVA and pass emissions tests unless exempt. Electric buses may be excluded from emissions testing.
Why Choose The Bishop Law Group
At The Bishop Law Group, we bring extensive experience in personal injury and transportation law. Our Baltimore bus accident attorneys understand the nuances of Maryland’s bus regulations and fight aggressively for accident victims.
What Sets Us Apart:
- Proven track record in bus accident litigation
- Compassionate, client-focused representation
- Deep knowledge of Maryland and federal transportation laws
- Free consultations and no fees unless we win your case
We handle everything from insurance negotiations to courtroom litigation, ensuring you receive the compensation and justice you deserve.
Contact The Bishop Law Group Today
If you or a loved one has been injured in a bus accident—or if you operate a bus and need legal guidance—The Bishop Law Group is here to help.
Call or text (410) 390-3101 or complete a Free Case Evaluation form
